Har cancer alltid funnits
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History of cancer
The history of cancer describes the development of the field of oncology and its role in the history of medicine.
Early diagnosis
[edit]In , a million year old osteosarcoma was reported by Dr Edward John Odes (a doctoral student in Anatomical Sciences from the University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, South Africa) and colleagues, representing the oldest documented malignant hominin cancer.
The earliest known descriptions of cancer appear in several papyri from ancient Egypt. The Edwin Smith Papyrus was written around BC (possibly a fragmentary copy of a text from BC) and contains a description of cancer, as well as a procedure to remove breast tumours by cauterization, stating that the disease has no treatment.[1] However, incidents of cancer were rare. In a study by the University of Manchester, only one case was found "in the investigation of hundreds of Egyptian mummies, with few references to cancer in literary evidence."[2]
Hippocrates (c.&#; BC – c.&#; BC) described several kinds of cancer, referring to them by the term καρκινος (carcinos), the Greek word for 'crab' or 'crayfish', as well as carcinoma.[3 • Cancer is often viewed as a fundamentally modern and monolithic disease. Many people think its rise and spread has been driven almost exclusively by the developed world’s toxins and poisons; by our bad eating habits, lifestyles, and the very air we breathe. Actually, cancer is not a single disease. It is also far from modern. New fossil evidence suggests that its origins lie deep in prehistory. We recently published two papers in the South African Journal of Science that describe the discovery and diagnosis of the earliest benign tumour and earliest malignant cancer to affect the human family. Tumours and cancers are collectively known as neoplastic diseases. Until now, the oldest evidence of neoplasia in the hominin fossil record dated back , years. This was found in a rib fragment of a Neanderthal from Krapina in Croatia. But our discovery, in two South African cave sites, offers definitive evidence of cancer in hominins – human ancestors – as far back as million years ago. Our research involved two overlapping teams of multi-disciplinary scientists. Some specialised in human evolutionary anatomy, others in ancient and modern diseases. Others • 70 – 80 million years ago – million years ago BCE – BCE BCE BCE – BCE BCE BCEFinding the earliest cancer
History of Cancer
Explore a timeline of the history of cancer from 18th century BCE to
Evidence of cancer cells in dinosaur fossils, funnen in
The oldest known hominid malignant tumor was found in Homo erectus, or Australopithecus, by Louis Leakey in
EGYPT
Evidence of cancerous cells found in mummies.
Cancer found in remains of Bronze Age human kvinnlig skull.
Babylonian code of Hammurabi set standard fee for surgical removal of tumors (ten shekels) and penalties for failure.
EGYPT
The Egyptians blamed cancer on the gods. Ancient Egyptian scrolls describe eight cases of breast tumors treated bygd cauterization. Stomach cancer treated with boiled barley mixed with dates; cancer of the uterus by a concoction of fresh dates mixed with pig’s brain introduced into the vagina.
China Physicians specializing in treating swellings and ulcerations were referred to in The Rites of the Zhou Dynasty.
INDIA
Indian epic tale, the Ramayana, described treatment with arsenic paste to att hindra eller förhindra något tumor growth.
PERU
Pre-Colombian Inca mummies funnen to contain lesions suggestive of